http://www.computerworld.com/securitytopics/security/story/0,10801,96803,00.html Advice by Larry Ponemon OCTOBER 20, 2004 COMPUTERWORLD Up to now, enterprises' security budgets have been so lean they could almost be considered anorexic. That's because CEOs have considered security as necessary but haven't bought the argument that there is an economic advantage to going above a minimal level of security. Unfortunately, CEOs have persisted in focusing on four basic questions that too often stump the most savvy IT professionals: * What is the security return on investment? * What is the probability of a catastrophic security failure? * What is the cost of self-insuring against security risks? * What are the tangible benefits of being an industry leader for security? To help IT professionals talk to CEOs about security issues, a newly formed think tank called the Security Leadership Institute, sponsored by Unisys Corp., has conducted in-depth interviews with CEOs and board members. Board members of the institute (including myself) -- recognized security experts from business and government -- interviewed more than 25 CEOs and public-sector agency chiefs, focusing on what they think the value proposition of security is to their enterprise. We believe that the results from our work will help IT professionals make the case for the many benefits that can be realized from a more robust investment in security. What We Learned Most CEOs interviewed in our study viewed both physical and information security as purely tactical, rather than as a strategic imperative. In their minds, security means either protection of assets or prevention of IT-related risks, such as hacking attacks and other cybercrime. Some CEOs viewed security as an element of a larger business risk-management process. In almost all cases, though, CEOs in the private and public sectors did not embrace security as something directly related to corporate mission or strategy. In short, the CEO perspective was consistent with what we already knew. That is, they view security as an operating necessity, not as a business opportunity or marketplace advantage. The following are a few of the comments these leaders made when asked to explain, in their own words, the value proposition of security: * Security is all about preventing bad behavior from affecting our organization. * The only value of security is the prevention or fast detection of a breach or violation. * There is no real value in becoming the industry leader or exemplar for security. * Too much security and a control orientation will prevent our organization from taking justifiable risks. * Most security technologies don't work and are a waste of time and resources for our company. * Security spending is a pure cost of compliance. * Security is best handled as a middle management responsibility. * Most security problems occur because of sloppy internal procedures rather than poor IT controls and safeguards. Despite the consistently nonstrategic tone of the responses, we decided to probe further based on our gut instinct that there was something more to learn. We believed that CEOs understood the consequences of bad security practices but couldn't quite articulate the value proposition of good security. So we asked questions that focused on outcomes or consequences of maintaining a secure environment. The Trust Factor The answers to those additional questions revealed that CEOs fully acknowledge the value of having a secure environment as a way to protect brand and reputation. In their minds, superior IT and physical security practices are necessary to achieve organizational trustworthiness in the eyes of key stakeholders. According to our interviewees, organizations that do it "right" in reaching a high trust status achieve real advantages, such as employee productivity, customer loyalty, product or service innovation, reduced failure and decreased compliance risks. We asked them to define what they would consider to be a trusted enterprise. The definition below is based on common themes that emerged from our discussions. "The trusted enterprise is an organization embracing a set of corporate values and behaviors that guide all business practices. It is a highly ethical organization that treats its customers, employees, partners and shareholders with respect and stewardship. The CEO and board are deeply engaged in managing the organization's operating risk in a way that delivers maximum value in a safe and secure environment." We collected several interesting case histories from CEOs that help explain their view of the benefits of becoming a trusted enterprise. Here are just two examples: * A regional hospital is investing heavily in technology to increase facility security and protect its patients, particularly infants. It recently implemented a wireless solution to track employee movement within the hospital. Although there were initial concerns from nurses that tracking would be used as a tool to measure productivity surreptitiously, they soon discovered the real benefits. Not only did patients and newborns' parents gain greater security and peace of mind; the messaging capabilities also allowed more mature patients to communicate their care needs directly to their nurses rather than through room-to-room paging systems. Nurses found that the tool helped them deliver superior patient care. * A Canadian technology company working to comply with U.S. Department of Justice security requirements discovered the unintended benefits of speed and operational excellence. As they sought to meet security and network availability requirements, they developed new processes and applications that reduced their computer restore and repair time from a day to minutes. They are now exploring packaging these applications to create a new set of products and services to offer their customers. Becoming a Trusted Enterprise So, what does it take to become a trusted enterprise? First, according to the CEOs, a trusted enterprise manages its security responsibilities in a more holistic way than less trusted ones. For example, trusted organizations are more likely to integrate security into core business processes and to establish oversight and governance through cross-functional teams that span the entire enterprise. Second, they know it is important to have a highly secure environment to protect brand and image in the marketplace. For example, trusted organizations are more likely to have implemented IT resilience to endure attacks by malicious employees or hackers. According to CEOs, the trusted enterprise achieves harmony between security and business goals by pursuing four basic operating principles. * Proactive management of operational risks, such as security and internal controls, by paying close attention to early indicators of problems that might diminish the entity's brand or reputation in the marketplace. * Transparency in core operating practices, especially those concerning the ethical use and sharing of sensitive or confidential business information. * CEO and board understanding of the organization's risk profile, providing executive-level support and necessary resources to achieve security goals. * Compliance-savvy culture, with clear accountabilities for security and control promoted and vigorously monitored throughout the enterprise. Take Action If you find it hard to talk security with your CEO, here are five issues with potential business impact that resonate with top executives and could be excellent points to include at your next meeting: 1. We need to stay ahead of the curve on new and emerging regulatory requirements. 2. We will aim to have fewer network security breaches and downtime from network failure. 3. Our programs will provide better control over assets and our intellectual properties. 4. We will empower employees to understand their responsibility in creating a secure workplace. 5. We will create a culture that respects the importance of protecting information entrusted to the company's care. While security may not be a top-of-mind consideration for senior executives, the Security Leadership Institute's research indicates that trust will get their attention. We now believe that CEOs really can see the need to incorporate security as a foundation for their trusted enterprise. Dr. Larry Ponemon is chairman of Ponemon Institute, a think tank in Tucson, Ariz., dedicated to ethical information management practices and research. Ponemon is an adjunct professor of ethics and privacy at Carnegie Mellon University's CIO Institute and is a CyLab faculty member. He can be reached at larry@private _________________________________________ Open Source Vulnerability Database (OSVDB) Everything is Vulnerable - http://www.osvdb.org/
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