>Date: Mon, 9 Feb 1998 10:37:14 -0800 (PST) >From: Declan McCullagh <declanat_private> >To: politechat_private >Subject: FC: Encryption restrictions in Singapore >X-URL: Politech is at http://www.well.com/~declan/politech/ > >[I believe GILC categorized Singapore as a country with domestic >restrictions on encryption because the import restrictions were so >draconian. On page five, graf 1 the report includes it in the same >category with Belarus, China, etc. --Declan] > >*********** > >Date: Tue, 10 Feb 1998 02:04:24 +0800 (SGT) >From: Harish Pillay <harishat_private> >Reply-To: harishat_private >To: declanat_private >Subject: Re: FC: Report finds few countries with encryption restrictions > >> The GILC report, written by Wayne Madsen: >> >> http://www.gilc.org/crypto/crypto-survey.html >> >> An article about the report: >> >> http://www.nytimes.com/library/cyber/week/020998encryption.html >> >> Among the countries that responded to the survey, GILC found only Belarus, >> China, Israel, Pakistan, Russia and Singapore have rules controlling the >> *domestic* use of encryption. This is what the FBI has proposed. Many >> more, such as the U.S., have controls on the *export* of encryption. > >huh? Singapore has rules for domestic use of encryption? News to me. The >only restriction is in the import and use of *hardware* for encryption for >other than banks. Nothing is there to stop me from using software to do the >exact same thing. I reckon we have to be really clear of exactly what the >other countries are themselves advocating. > >I regularly use ssh to get into my Linux machines across the net within >Singapore and outside-in. > >Regards. >-- >Harish Pillay h.pillayat_private >Singapore *** Ask me about Linux *** http://home.pacific.net.sg/~harish > >*********** > >Date: Mon, 9 Feb 1998 13:20:20 -0500 >From: "David L. Sobel" <sobelat_private> >To: Declan McCullagh <declanat_private> >Subject: Re: FC: Report finds few countries with encryption restrictions (fwd) > >The report is based upon information received from the >relevant governments, unless otherwise noted. With respect >to Singapore, we relied upon such official information. > >>From the report: > > According to the Singapore Trade Development Board: > > "The import of scrambler, or encryption hardware or software > capable of re-arranging signs, signals, writing, sounds, or > intelligence for the purpose of secrecy is controlled by the Trade > Development Board (TBD) under the First Schedule of the Regulation > of Imports and Exports Regulations 1995." > > "Prior written approval from the TDB must be obtained before the > import is allowed into Singapore. To apply for the import > approval, an importer is required to complete the 'Application to > Import Encryption Hardware/Software' and submit it to the TDB for > consideration. TDB requires the importer to furnish the technical > specifications of the encryptor and to provide the end-user's > justification for the use of the encryptor. The importer must be a > company incorporated or registered in Singapore." > > "TDB will notify the importer in writing of the outcome of his > Application. If the importer is allowed, the importer should also > apply for a license from the Telecommunications Authority of > Singapore (TAS), Licensing Department, to use the encryptor (for > hardware only)." > > This information was contained in a letter to EPIC from Ms. Ruby > Goh, Trade Officer in the Imports and Exports Office. No mention > was made of export controls. There do not, therefore, seem to be > export controls in place in Singapore. > > Similarly, no mention was made of domestic use controls, although > the rigidity of the import controls indicate that domestic freedom > of use is severely restricted. > > Ref: Singapore Trade Development Board fax dated August 11, 1997. > >Any discrepancy should be taken up with the Singapore Trade >Development Board. > >- David > > >-------------------------------------------------------------------------- >POLITECH -- the moderated mailing list of politics and technology >To subscribe: send a message to majordomoat_private with this text: >subscribe politech >More information is at http://www.well.com/~declan/politech/ >-------------------------------------------------------------------------- >
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